Printing telegraph system



2 Sheets-Sheet l untar D. S. HULFISH PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM original Filed sept. 20, 1926 May 31, 1932.

May 31, 1932. D. s. HULFlsH l PRINTING TELEGRAPH SYSTEM Original Filed Sept. 20, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 31, 1932 NITE!) STATES;

\ 1 'DAVID s. HULFISH, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, Assrenon 'ro TELTYPE oonrona'roif, oF

CHICAGO, ILLrNoIs, A conPoRATIoN or DELAWARE PRINTING TELEGRAPH i SYS1,`EEllLlv Application :tiled September 20, 1926,Seria1 No. 136,600. Renewed October 1, 1930.

`signals into the original code.

t The manner of operating this' invention is as `follows: The groups of electric signals of Y the message,fnominally letter-groups of signals according to the given code, are regrouped into translation-groups without taking cognizanceof their significance. The

"translation-groups are translated into transmission-groups having greater facility in tion withve setsof re-translating rela-ysin-V transmission than the original electric signals. The transmission-gronps are transmitted, reg-translated and re-groupedr into a reproduction of the original letter-groups.

In the'l drawings, Fig.` 1 shows a transmitting station,VA with live sets of translating relays indicated; Fig. 2 shows avreceivi'ng stadicate 1; 3 shows the circuits of a set of translatingrelays; Fig. 4 shows the circuits' of aset of re-translat'ing relays; Fig; 5 shows the translation code as applied to thev details of tape shown in Figl 1.

The thirty-two signal combinations or letter-groups' oft the five-unit two-element code are shown in the following table, in which the columns are numbered 1 to- 5 to identify the Wires and so on, and the lines are nurnberedfto identify the combinations. P indicates that the wire identified is earthed at the sender; N indicates that the wire is open at the sender contact.4 y v Table' I 25PPNNN 2c PPNNP 2a PPNPN l Y 2e PPNBP 29 PrPNN 3o PPPNP a1 PPPPN such as Q-R is being sent by the sender R,`

a combination of the contacts of the sender R will be operated against the left-hand busbar accordlng to the holes in the tape; for

instance, the combination 29' of Table l will y permit the contacts to connect earth to wires 1-.-A, 2--B,` 3-C, but will estop earth from wires L1-A, 5-B. The energizaton of the sender magnet 3-R will lift the contacts `from the earthed bus-bar and will step the tape to the next combination, 22 in tape When the sender is closed upon a letter-group of holes in the tape Qf-R a let,- ter-group of electric signals will be placed upon Wires l-A, Q-YB, 3 0, 45A, 541-143; Where an open circuit is a signaling, option, 1t 1s accounted that an open circuit is an electric signal within the meaning of this 'speciication.A Of these signals, the signals uponwires l-A, 2--B`, 3-0 constitute ai translation-group of electric signals, to be translated by the translating relays of the area 101. Wires 1-A,- 2-B, 3 0 willl actuate the determi-ned translating relays ofthe4 area 101, `which will function by their points to; place atransmission-group ofelectric signals of a three-element code upon the wiresD and E, according to the following' translation table. This condition will be continued, and the signals stored, until senderl R functions again. The wires are identified by letters at the columns, and the combinations" a're identi'iied by numbers at the lines, the'two codes in any line being' translatable, either` into the other, by the translating relays of Fig. 3 or by the re-translating` relays of Fig. 4. P indicates positive `batter-y; N indicates negative battery; the sign :#5 indica-tes an actuated relay;- O indicates an open circuit or a non-actuated relay. Only eight pairs oit cornbin'ationsare possible.

'through points o-relays 73 Tab A B o o o o O O i o o 5s a 57 the translation Table II and t 46, i; t

relays-72# and 71 to G; wire E throughV points of relays 73, 72# and 71 to N; group 53 (GN) is formed. Group44 (Oi/:#)relays 72th, 73:;i; wire D as in group 43; wire E and 72# to P; group 54(GP)V is formed. roup 45 (#00) relay 71:/5t; wire D through points of relays 72, 71# and 73 toP; wireE as in group 41; group 55 (PN) is formed. Group 46 (#Oi/I) relays71:/;t, 739i; wire D through points of relays 72, `and '73#to N wire E through points of relays 73:,lqt, 72 and 71.# tok P; group 56 (NP) Ais formed. Group 47 (#5550) relays 71#, 72;t/:; wireD Jthrough points of relays 72# Vand 71# to P; wire E through points of relays 73, 72# and 71# to G; group 57 (PG) is'formed. Group 48 (##q/:)"all relays actuated; wire D as in group 47; wire E asin group 44; group 58 (PP) is Vformed. `In thedistribut'or 60, the brush 63 in its motion connects linel wire 64 to wire DA and then to wire E, transmitting to the line wire 64 the transmissiongroup of signals set up by the translating relays of the area 101.

Sender R has determined the selectiyecondition of the relays 71k and 72 of the area 201. Sender SA has determined Vthe condition tributer 'contact 4-R, brush 62 and earth;

sender R steps its tape and places the neXt letter-group of signals on wires l-A to 5-B,

thus'actuating the translating relays in their next combination. Y l

Sender T now has placed a letter-group of signals upon wires l-B, 2 0, 3--A, i-B, -C, thus determining the selective condition of relays 72 and 73 in the area 401 and of all relays in the area 501, completing two more translation-groups. The translating relays translate those groups into transmission# groups of signals upon the Wires D-4, E-4, D-5, 141-5, and brush63 transmits those signals to wire 64. The b-rush 63 has completed one cycle of the apparatus shown.V The speed ofthe brush63 andthe electrical constants of the conductor 64 are not of the essence ofthis invention.

l/Vhen brush 63 reaches Wire D-5, it has transmitted all signals dependentupon sender S, and sender magnet 3--S is energized over the path,"battery, magnet V3-S, distributer contact 4-S, brush 62 earth.` At the beginning of the next cycle, magnetB-T is energized over the path,'battery, magnet 3-T,distributer contact 4-T, brush 62 and earth; The cycle repeats indeiinitely, with ever varying combinations in the senders R,

S, T, resulting in, continuous, integral, uniform transmission.

Referring toerig. 2 andV Fig. 4., iivssets if re-translating relays, according to the area 102 of Fig. 4 are vprovided for the iive areas, 102,202, 302, 402, 502 of Fig. 2 to complete Vthe circuits voit' Fig. 2.V Wire DQ is correlayT, correlative to the senders R, S, T;

Line relay y74 is cahle-type, holding its points open when not iniiuenced by'current from the line 64, and placing P (or N) battery upon its tongue when P (or N) battery is connected to wire y64by brush 63.V The brush `65 moves in brush 63. v -v Each polar relay ask 75 of the retranslating units has two holding windings, as k76 and 7 7 Y (Fig. 4), each holding winding being connected to one of the lpoints of its polar relay and to; the windingi of the'controlled neutral relay 81 or 82 and thence to the points of the relayA 85vandto battery, providing a holding circ-uit for storinga received signal which may be released by the relay 85.

11n operating, when the brush 65 has reached the wire D.-3, the electrical signals upon wires D, E, D-2, lil-2, have been transmitted vand recorded upon the re-translating relays of areas 102, and 202, those relays have re-tran'slated the two transmission-groups into a reproduction of two translation-group signals, nowupon wires A-l, B-2, C-3, A-4`, B-5, and C-l. Five of these wires, A-l to B-5, are re-grouped by effect of their common destinationV in the printer R', and the iveelectrical signals' uponV those wiresthus-.are re-grouped kand constitute a reproduction of the letterfgroup of .electrisynchronism with the eration of relay 85--T energized over a circuit including battery, Winding of relay 85fT, contact 6-R, brush 66 and earth. When the brush 65 has reached the Wire D-, the signals of Wires D-3, E-3, D-4, B `lil-4, have been transmitted to the relays of they areas 302Qand 402 and havebeen re-translated from the transmission-group signals into reproduction of the translation-group signals. By their destinations, `the translation-,group `signals have been re-grouped to complete the letter-group of signals upon printer S, and to begin a letter-group of signals upon. printer T. Brush 66 now places earth upon contact 6f-S which energizes relays -TS and 85--R, the former to start the printer S" and. thelatter to release the relays of the area 102,`

the signals `of Wires D- and E- have been.

When `the brush has passed Wire E-5,

transmitted to Wires D-5 and E-5 and have beenre-transla'ted by the relays of area 502. The reproduced translation-group signalsY have completed the letter-group of signals upon the printer T', At the beginning of the next cycle, brush 66 places earth upon and 85-S, the i'ormer to start the printery f T andthe latter to release the relays of areas 2.02 and 302, none of which is involved in. the letter-group noW'up'on the printer T. r The manner of re-translation isas follows,

referring toA the translation table and to Fig. 4:

` `hen a negative (N) signal` is received on Wire D', relay 75 is. actua-ted by N battery and its armature movesv right. Relay closes a circuit fro-rn battery through points of relay` 85, Wire F,` Winding of re-translationrelay 82, holding-Winding 77 of relay 75,

points of relay 75 and earth. Relay 82 is acthat-ed. and both relays 82 and. 754 are held'. In like manner, a P signal: on Wire D actuates nd holdsrelays 81 and 75 a P signal on Wire E actuates andholds relays 83 and 78; and,

an N signal` on Wire E." actuates andA holds relays84 and 78.

The circuits oi the re-transl'ating relays, 81, 82,1 83, 84 may be traced asfollovvs: Receiving group `51 (NN) relays 82#, 84#; Wire A through points of relays 8l, 82# and 8,3 t0 wire 80 which willA be. N: or open as requi-redfby the mechanism of the printer served relays 84, 83 and 82# to wire 79, which is connected to earth or to positive battery as required by the printer served by it; group 42 (O()#) is formed. When receiving group 53 (GN) relay 84# only; Wire A through points 0I" relays 81 and 82 to Wire Wire B through points of relays 8-1 and 82 to Wire 79; Wire C as in group 51; group 43 (0#0 is formed. When receiving group 54 P)r relay 83# only; Wires A and as in group 53; Wire C through points of relays 84 and 83# to Wire 79; `group 44 (O##) is formed. When receiving group 55 (PN) relays 81# 84#; Wire A through points of relay 81# to Wire 79; Wire B through points of relays 81# and 84# `to Wire 79; Wire C as in group 51; group 45 (#00) is formed. When receiving group 56 (NP) relays 82# and 83#; Wire A through points of relays 81, 82# and 83# to Wirel 7 9; Wire B asin group 5l; Wire C as in group 54 grou-p 46 (#O# is formed. When `receiving group 57 (P relay 81# only; Wire A as in group 55; Wire Bthrough points of relays 81# and 84 to Wire 79; Wire Cv through points of relays 84, 83 and 81# to Wire 80; group 47 ##0) is formed. When receiving group 58 (PP) relays 81# and 83-#;

Wire A as in group 55; Wire B as in group 57;

Wire C as in group 54; group 48 (###)v is formed.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2 and 5. In Fig. 1 are tapes 2--R, 2-S, 2-T. Assume that the first cycle of brush 63 is made when the senders R, S, T, all three are sending the letten `group 29 Table I which appears on the three tapes, and that on the next cycle the senders send letter-groups 22, 22, 17. The resulta-nt currents over Wires l-A to 5-C are represented by the black rectangles on the line 86 of 5. These signals are grouped at the senders into letter-groups, six groups of tive signals each, by eii'ect of their source of origin, as indicated by the numbers above line 86. The signals are re-grouped by effect of the destinations of conductors l-A to 5-C, into translation-groups, ten groups of three signals per group, as indicated by the numbers below theline 86. By the translation relays, the translation-groups translated into the transmission-groups which are indicated on the line 87.` `These are as follows :V

Pr No PG or rN NP Gr GN PG NN The signals ofthe transmissiongroups are transmitted, and are re-translated into a reproduction of the translation-groups upon the Wires A-1 to @-5, in tenl groups of three signals per group by effect of their source of origin in the re-translation relays, the groups being as indicated by the numbers above the line 88. The signals are represented by the blackv rectangles upon `the line `88. These signals then are 15e-grouped by eiiect or? the desti-nation of theconductorsr A-I to IBD @-5, into VsiX groups Votr five signals per group, as indicated by the numbers below the line 88, and thus they constitute a reproduction of the original letter-groups of electricalv signals as created by the senders R, S,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

l. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality of senders, each sending signals in letter-groups; a plurality of sets ot translating relays; conductors connecting said senders and said sets of relays whereby the signals lreceived from said senders in letter-groups are distributed to Vsaid lrelay sets in regrouped Vform as translation-groups, the translation-groups thus formed being smaller in size and greater in number than the letter-groups; and circuits in said relay sets for translating the signals of the translationgroups into another arrangement of signals.

2. In a printing telegraph system, a sender adapted to create electrical signals according to a first code andV in letter-groups; a pluralityV of sets-of translating relays, each set adapted to receive and to store a Jfractional part Lof the signals of a letter-group; each relay` set adaptedto translate the stored signals intoa different number of signals according to a second code and independently of the remaining signals of the letter group.

3. In a printing telegraph system, senders for sending signals in letter-groups; sets of signal-storing and translating relays; means for distributing the signals from said senders to said relay sets in such manner that a single relay set may receive signals from each of two letter-groups; and circuits in said relay sets for translating the signals into another system ot signals.

V4. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality of senders for sending signals in lettergroups and adapted to send a plurality of letter-groups simultaneously thereby to produce a group of simultaneous signals equal in number to the number of senders multiplied by the number of signals in a letter-group; a plurality of translating devices each adapted to translate simultaneous signals in transla- ,6U in translation-groups of desired size, the

number of unit signals in ,a translation group being incommensurate with the number of unit signals in a letter'gronp.

` 5. In a printing telegraph system, senders for producing signals in groups of convenient printing size; a distributing system for re-grouping the signals into Vgroups of convenient translation size; translation devices -for storing the signals `and for reducing the number of signals for transmission; means for transmission; re-translation devices tor restoring the original signals; and a re-distributio'n system for re-grouping the restored signals into a reproduction of the original groups of convenient printing size.

6. In a printing telegraph system; senders for sending signalings in letter-groups of tive signals each; distributing conductors grouped at one end in groups of five and at the other end in groups of three; a plurality of sets of translating relays for translating groups oi three signals each into groups otV i lating said groups of two signals into groups or' three signals each; a plurality of printers operable in response to letter-groups lof ve signals per group; and other distributinglconductors ruiming fromsaid re-translatingrelays to said printers and 'grouped at the relay end Yin groups of Lvthree and at the printer-end in groups of five, thereby reproducing the groups of signals in letter-groups as sent by the said senders. n

7. In a printing telegraph system, a set of relays adapted to receive and store a combination of three electrical signals in predetermined permutation of two-'element code and in response thereto to set up on its contact points a combination of two electrical code; another set of relays adapted to receive and store the m-entioned combination of two electrical signals of a three-element code and in response thereto to set upon its contact points Vthe combination of three electrical signals Vas received by said first-mentioned set of relays; the said contact points; a line; and two distributors, said line and distributors connecting said sets of relays.

8. In a printing telegraph system, means for producing a continuous sequence of electrical signals at a'constant, uniform speed and arranged according to a code; sets of translating relays adapted to receive signals and to store signals in groups; and a distributor cooperating with said sets to put out a continuous sequence of a smaller number of signals arranged according'to a different code. l

.9. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality oit' signal senders producing unit signals at a uniform rate, a set of signal translators storing the unit signals from said senders and translating to another code of fewer unit signals, a sending distributory sending Va continuous sequence of signals from said set of translators, a line wire, a receiving dis- V llG \ operating together as a synchronous-multipleX telegraph system and producing continuous, uniform-speed transmission.

10. In a printing telegraph system, relays,

. contact points in said relays; the said relays beingadapted to receive and store a combination of three electrical signals in any predetermined permutation of two-element code and in response thereto to set up on their said Contact points a combination of two electrical signals in a corresponding permutation of a three-element code; means co-operating with said contact point-s to transmit the two signals and re-translating means for receiving the two signals and for reproducing the signals first mentioned.

11; In a telegraph system, means for producing a continuous sequence of electrical I signals and arranged according to a code,

means to store said signals in groups, and means to transmit under control of the stored signals a` second sequence of smaller number `signals arranged according to a different code. y

12. In a system for the transmission of `code messages, each message being divided into a plurality of letter groups of code signals; a plurality of transmitters; and a plu.- rality of signal storing and translating devices greater in number than said transmitters, each such signal storing and translating device adapted to store a plurality of unit signals fewer than the number of unit signals in a letter group; some of said signal storing and translating devices being adapt- `ed to receive and translate parts of separate code signals from a plurality of said transmitters.

13. In a system for the transmission of code messages, each message being divided into a plurality of letter code groups of signals; a plurality oftransmitters; a plurality of signal` storing and translating devices greater in number than said transmitters; some of said devices being adapted to receive, store and translate into a different code system a part of a letter code group of signals from one of said transmitters and some of said devices being adapted to receive, store and translate into a different code system parts of letter code groups of signals from a plurality of said transmitters; and further trans- `mitting means for transmitting the translated signals.

14. The method of translating telegraphic code messages to facilitate transmission which comprises dividing the message into a pluralityof electrical signals of letter groups, dividing each letter group into separate predetermined parts, and storing and translating `into fewer unit signals said separate parts in regroupedmanner for transmission. 15. In a multiple channel system, the methof transmitting telegraphic code messages comprising the steps of generating code signals for each channel; combining parts of succesive code signals from different channels in separate groups translating each separate group into fewer unit signals per group Vand transmitting signals in accordance with the separate translated groups. Y 16. The method of grouping code signals for the purpose of translating from one code to another in which t-heltime intervals per letter in one code are incommensurate with the time interval per letter of the other code, which comprises providing groups for translation purposes which contain an integral number of complete signals in each group to make the total numbers commensurate.

17. The method of grouping code signals forthe purpose of translating from one code to another, in which the time intervals per letter of one code are incommensurate with the time interval per letter of the other code, which comprises, providing for translating purposes, groups of unit time intervals of such numbers in each code that the two numbers are commensurate.

18. In a multiple channel telegraph system, the method of operation comprising steps of generating code signals for each channel in accordance with independent messages to be transmitted thereover; combining parts of successive code signals from different channels in separate groups of unit signals translating each such group separately into fewer unit signals for transmission; transmitting signals in accordance with the separate translated groups; receiving and re-translating the groups into code signals of the character originally generated, and distributing the code signals to receivers in separate receiving channels.

19. In a -multiple channel telegraph system, the method of operation comprising steps of generating permutation code signals for each channel in accordance with independent messages to be transmitted thereover, combining parts of successive code signals from adjacent channels in re-grouped form for translation, translating each such group of original unit signals into a different number of unit signals for transmission; transmitting signals in accordance with the re-grouping thus effected; receiving and retranslating the transmitted signals into the permutation generated, and distributing the re-translated permutation code signals in proper order to receivers in separate receiving channels.

, 20. The method of operating a multiple channel telegraph systein comprising the -steps of generating permutation code signals for each channel in accordance with independent messages to be transmittedthereover, regrouping parts of successive code signals from different channels and storing the re-grouped signals; translating the stored signals group by group into a different number of unit signals transmitting signals in accordance With the stored groups; receiving and re-translating the group into the permutation code signals originally generated;

storing the re-translated code signals; Vand distributing the stored code signals in proper order to receivers in separate recelving channels.V

DAVID s'. HULFISH. 

